With fiberglass wicks, the kerosene heater is placed outdoors and allowed to operate until it runs out of fuel. The wick holder remains quite warm, and as the wick continues to draw kerosene, it causes vaporization of the fuel which is detected as odour. Odour may also be apparent when the heater is extinguished. A wick with carbon build-up will also cause odour and should be replaced. This is corrected by adjusting the wick-height. An improperly adjusted wick also causes smoke and odour. Once the heater is burning normally, no additional odour is created. A common strategy is to light the heater outdoors, on the patio for example, until the fumes dissipate, and then bring it indoors. This results in a small amount of unburned kerosene, thus creating an odour. During that time, the fuel to air mixture is quite rich.
When a kerosene heater is first ignited, it takes a few seconds to a few minutes for the fuel to mix with the air in the perfect ratio for complete combustion. This is why it is important to fill the heater in a garage or outdoors. When filling a kerosene heater, there is an opportunity for the fuel to vaporize and create an odour in the air. This will cause a deterioration in the drawing of the kerosene and combustion will no longer be possible. If the kerosene becomes viscous or dirt and dust find their way inside the heater, the capillary tubes will become clogged. The kerosene is drawn up from the tank into the combustion area by these capillary tubes. The wick used in a kerosene heater consists of many bundles of fine fibers and, in accordance with the principle behind it, it is designed to provide a large evaporation area. The amount of kerosene evaporated and heat generated can be increased in direct proportion to the area of the contact surface between the kerosene and air. These units burn roughly like the old 1950's "pot" burners, but with fuel injection and computer control.Ī kerosene heater is an appliance in which kerosene is gasified by surface evaporation and burned. The other type of Japanese kerosene heaters are the vented type with intake and exhaust piped through a dual pipe "chimney" through a side wall of a house. The unit is fuelled through a conventional side mount cartridge style tank just like other non-vented wick type radiant heaters. The resulting gas is collected and forced into the burn chamber where it is ignited and burns with a blue flame, similar to propane. The liquid kerosene fuel is pre-heated via an electric heating element to vaporize the fuel. The Japanese non-vented "fan" heater burns kerosene gas and is known as a gasification type heater.
If the ignitor should fail the heater can still be lighted manually. Most heaters contain a battery-operated or piezo-electric ignitor to light the heater without the need for matches. However, most kerosene heaters do not require electricity to operate. There is also thermostat controlled operation installed in modern kerosene heaters as well. There has been a technological advance in kerosene heaters: some now use electricity to power a fan to force the heated air out, making it possible to heat up rooms faster. The kerosene heater is extinguished by fully retracting the wick into a cavity below the burner, which will snuff out the flame. The flame height is controlled by raising or lowering the exposed wick height inside the burner unit via an adjusting mechanism. The burner is designed to properly oxygenate and distribute the flames. Once lit, the wick heats the Kerosene until it turns into a gas (gasification) and this gas is then burnt which heats air via convection or nearby objects via radiation. The wick draws kerosene from the tank via capillary action. A circular wick made from fiberglass and/or cotton is integrated into a burner unit mounted above a font (tank) filled with 1-K kerosene. A kerosene heater operates much like a large kerosene lamp.
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